2 - Warranty Against Third Party Acts

Article 553

Art. 553 - The warranty obligation entails for the lessor the obligation to refrain from anything that would disturb the lessee's possession or deprive him of the benefits he was entitled to expect, based on the intended use of the leased property and its condition at the time of the contract. He is liable from this perspective, not only for his own actions and those of his agents, but also for the actions of other lessees or his other right-holders.

Article 554

Art. 554 - However, the lessor has the right to carry out, despite the opposition of the lessee, urgent repairs that cannot be deferred until the end of the contract. But if, on account of these repairs, the lessee is deprived, in whole or in large part, of the use of the leased property for more than seven days, he may demand the termination of the lease, or else a reduction proportional to the time during which he was deprived of the leased property. The lessor is bound to attend to repairs presenting a character of urgency and to notify the lessees of their execution a sufficient time in advance. His liability is engaged, in default of such prior notice, except in the case of major impediment not resulting from his negligence.

Article 555

Art. 555 - The lessor is also legally bound to guarantee the lessee against any disturbance or eviction they suffer in the entirety or part of the leased property as a result of an action concerning either the ownership or a real right over the property. The provisions related to the eviction of the buyer are applicable in principle to the eviction of the lessee.

Article 556

Art. 556 - If the lessee is himself summoned to justice to be condemned to the relinquishment of the whole or part of the property, or to suffer the exercise of any servitude, he must immediately notify the lessor; meanwhile, he must not renounce any part of the property which he possesses. He must be removed from the proceeding, in all cases, by naming the one for whom he possesses; the action cannot be pursued in that case except against the lessor, but the lessee may intervene in the proceeding.

Article 557

Art. 557 - The lessor is not liable to guarantee the lessee against trouble caused by third parties through acts of trespass, without claiming any right over the leased property and without the lessor having given rise to it through his own actions, except that the lessee may pursue them in his own name.

Article 558

Art. 558 - Nevertheless, when these factual disturbances are of such importance that they deprive the lessee of the enjoyment of the leased property, the lessee may request the termination of the lease or a proportional reduction of the rent. He is required to prove, in this case: 1 - that the disturbance occurred; 2 - that it constituted a fact incompatible with the continuation of his enjoyment.