Chapter First: General Provisions

Article 613

1. It is not permissible to request the annulment of a judgment except by using the appeal methods specified in the law, while taking into consideration the provisions of Article 602.

Article 614

1. An appeal against a judgment shall not be permissible except by the person against whom the judgment was rendered or by the person who is prejudiced thereby. 2. The appeal shall not be accepted from a person who has acquiesced to the judgment or from a person in whose favor a judgment has been rendered granting all their requests, unless the law provides otherwise.

Article 615

The execution of a judgment shall be performed by the bailiff in accordance with the laws in force.

Article 616

The time limit within which the right to appeal lapses shall commence from the date of notification of the judgment, unless the law stipulates a different date from which it starts to run. The time limit shall run in favor of and against both the person requesting notification and the person to whom notification is made simultaneously.

Article 617

In the event of a judgment being issued jointly or in a matter that is indivisible among the defendants, the notification received by one of them shall render the time limit effective only against him. In the event of a judgment being issued in favor of several joint plaintiffs or in a matter that is indivisible, each of them shall have the right to invoke the notification received by one of them.

Article 618

The failure to observe the time limits for appealing judgments results in the lapse of the right to appeal, and the court shall rule on the lapse ex officio.

Article 619

The judgment debtor may oppose the execution on grounds other than those relating to the merits of the case.

Article 620

Opposition to execution must be filed within a period fixed by the court.

Article 621

It is presumed that the defendant who is notified of the appeal, and for the purpose of this notification, resides at the address he specified in the judgment notification document.

Article 622

The time limit for appeal is suspended by the submission of a request for legal aid and until the decision rendered in this request is notified.

Article 623

The time limit for appeal by the Public Prosecution shall only commence from the date of its notification. In every case in which the Public Prosecution appears or expresses an opinion, the court clerk shall, without delay, notify it of a copy of the judgment issued, without waiting for the payment of its fees, and the provisions of Article 481 shall be observed.

Article 624

The opposition to execution shall be decided by the court in chambers.

Article 625

The guarantor and the beneficiary of the guarantee are entitled to appeal a judgment issued in the original lawsuit if they have defended themselves in it. If an appeal is filed against one of them, it is permissible to join the other in it.

Article 626

1. An error in the description given by the court to its judgment does not affect the right to appeal it.

Article 627

1. Judicial administration decisions are not subject to any appeal.

Article 628

If the opposition is upheld, the execution shall be suspended.

Article 629

1. If contradictory judgments are issued by different courts and become final, only the judgment issued by the highest court among them shall be considered. 2. However, if the judgments are issued by the same court or by courts of equal rank, only the most recent judgment in terms of date shall be enforceable.

Article 630

Methods of appealing a judgment are of two types: 1- Ordinary methods, which are objection and appeal. 2- Extraordinary methods, which are third-party objection, retrial, and request for cassation, and also includes the state's prosecution regarding the liability resulting from the actions of judges. And initially, they do not entail the suspension of the execution of the judgment.

Article 631

The judgment creditor may apply for the resumption of execution if the opposition is rejected.